In value chain analysis, which option represents a primary activity?

• A. Procurement
• B. Technology development
• C. Inbound logistics
• D. Human resources

Answer: (C)

Value chain analysis splits activities into primary and support categories. Primary activities are those that directly move inputs toward the final product and deliver it to customers. Inbound logistics fits here because it covers receiving, storing, and handling inputs—the early, hands-on steps that directly impact production cost, inventory, and lead times. The other options are support activities that enable the primary activities but don’t by themselves transform inputs into the product: procurement deals with sourcing resources, technology development with R&D and process improvements, and human resources with staffing and skills development. So inbound logistics is the primary activity.